Roles of Women Essay Example for Free

Roles of Women Essay The configuration of a womans identity consists of the expectations that society places on her. Such expectations are still in existence today. Authors from the nineteenth and twentieth century are using literature and poetry as a vehicle for the new role and passion of the woman. Such authors as Kate Chopin, Mary Wilkins Freeman, Marge Piercy, Edna St. Vincent Millay and Henry James evoke a new sense of expectations for women in their use of literary language. One must acknowledge the differences in the expected roles of women and those the authors are portraying in order to penetrate the effect the author is trying to convey. These authors go beyond the norm and give women hope for the future. Kate Chopin creates a female character in At the Cadian Ball and The Storm that is vivid and defiant. Calixta is the image of hope that an authentic woman dares to embody. Chopin challenges society in her literature. She tests the roles of women. For instance, the female character she depicts in The Storm and The Cadian Ball is sexually overbearing, an adulterous, and presumptuous. Radek suggest that women of the nineteenth century were not supposed to have any real sexual contact before their marriage. The characteristics that Calixta possesses are dissimilar to the expected roles of women. The women of this time should be reserved, subservient, compliant, and gentle creatures. Henry James paints a picture of a similar vixen in Daisy Miller, although Daisy is innocent and naive in her promiscuity. James, no doubt being male, depicts women in a role outside of that of society. He portrays Daisy as innocently flirtatious. While this is not completely immoral, it is defiant of a placid nature. Mary Wilkins Freeman does not create as much controversy as Chopin, although she does create characters that embody independence rather than subservience. In The New England Nun, Louisa encompasses the typical homemaker characteristics, but she withstands independence when she rejects submission to Dagget, while declining to marry him. Wilkins expresses the hindered spirit of rebellion in The Revolt of Mother. She uses her words to convey the rebellious attitude the woman feels and is dared to communicate. She expresses the anger and uprising women are mandated to keep silent. Poetry is a vehicle for thought provoking expression that flows gently. Such poets as Edna St. Vincent Millay and Marge Piercy communicate their thoughts through the flow of language. Edna St. Vincent Millay writes in an emotional upheaval. In I, Being Born a Woman and Distressed, she transmits her despairing and vulnerable attitude. Marge Piercy writes from the corner in which women confine themselves. She portrays the loneliness that one feels because of the expectations that society places on them. The character in Barbie Doll is driven to suicide because she falls short of these expectations. This poem plays out the helplessness of the woman, while Whats That Smell in the Kitchen portrays the womans rebellious nature. This wife is tired of being socially correct and acts out in fits of rage. Kate Chopin, Mary Wilkins Freeman, Marge Piercy, Edna St. Vincent Millay and Henry James are writers of today. They innovate the true desires, passions, and frustrations of the American woman. While many of them are unable to articulate their inner desires and frustrations through physical expression, due to social restraints, they are able to express these emotions through their writing. This vehicle of emotion is a channel for the mind, body, and soul because of societys secluding forces. These authors are able to play out the roles that they desire, those roles that are unmentionable, through their words. Their words are the true expression of a womans mind and feelings, while society believes that women are not suppose to behave or feel these ways. Hartman says that a womens God-given role was as wife and mother, keeper of the household, guardian of the moral purity of all who lived therein. In conclusion, through the years, it is prevalent that the inner woman bears similar characteristics. Women are consistently making a way through life to gain equality to men. They desire to express the emotions and passions they possess while stepping outside of the societal standards. Chopin uses Calixta as a symbolic representation of the womans sexual emotions that are forcibly in suppression. Freeman symbolizes independence in the character she creates. Millay, simply, expresses her emotions and frustrations as a woman. Piercy articulates the bondage that a woman is under due to the roles and appearances they are expected to maintain. Henry James, not being a woman, creates Daisy, a woman filled with innocent flirtation. This is a characteristic outside of the reserved, subservient expectation. Though these authors may be the initiation of controversy in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, their rebellious illustrations are, no doubt, compelling to readers today. Works Cited Chopin, Kate. At the Cadian Ball . Chopin, Kate. The Storm . Freeman, Mary W. A New England Nun . Freeman, Mary W. The Revolt of Mother American Literature, vol 2, 6th ed. William E. Cane. New York: Pearson Longman, 2004. 145-159. Hartman, Dorothy. Womens Roles in the Late 19th Century. 10 Aug. 2005 http://www. connerprairie. org/historyonline/1880wom. html. James, Henry. Daisy Miller http://ci. moc. edu/webapps/portal/frameset. jsp? tab =coursesurl=/bin/common/course. pl? course_id=_367_1. Millay, Edna St. Vincent. I Being Born A Woman and Distressed American Literature, vol 2, 6th ed. William E. Cane. New York: Pearson Longman, 2004. 575. Piercy, Marge. Barbie Doll American Literature, vol 2, 6th ed. William E. Cane. New York: Pearson Longman, 2004. 1453. Piercy, Marge. Whats That Smell in the Kitchen? . Radek, Kimberly. Women in Literature. 9 Aug. 2005 http://www. ivcc. edu/GEN2002/Women_in_the_Nineteenth_Century. htm. Victorian Lace. 12 July 2005 http://www. geocities. com/victorianlace10/women. html. Wyatt, Neal. Biography of Kate Chopin. 1995 http://www. vcu. edu/engweb/eng384/katebio. htm

Identifying The Vision Statement Qantas Tourism Essay

Identifying The Vision Statement Qantas Tourism Essay To overcome these issues, Qantas must modify aircraft sizes and engines to become more fuel efficient and reduce CO2 emissions over coming years. During the next two years, Qantas should plan to reduce industrial conflict by reorganizing the communication system and its organizational structure, making it more flexible and adaptive, thus empowering employees with project management responsibilities. Grievance procedures must be improved with a formal process to resolve work conflicts. Qantas must maintain and increase its corporate customer market share in order to remain profitable and successful. Qantas has undertaken significant changes over the last decade to cope with internal and external factors such as the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 which effectively reduced the demand for international travel. Qantas initially reduced its international travel flying capacity by 11%.    The factors that had caused Qantas to change were that Qantas had to become: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ A more competitive, efficient and profitable business with less competition in the domestic markets. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Qantas had to pay taxes and levies paid by other business in Australia   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Qantas had to make an increased profit and pay a dividend to its shareholders which increased over the years of management. The main factors, which caused Qantas to change was that, the business was under government ownership until 1995, with a classical/scientific management structure Over the next 5 years Qantas aims to hedge fuel prices and use more efficient aircraft to limit further fuel costs improve employee/employer relationships by reducing the number of employment relations disputes and retain corporate market share by enhancing facilities and lounges to appeal to corporate travellers.   Ã‚   IDENTIFYING THE VISION STATEMENT The Qantas story began in March 1919, when former Australian Flying Corps officers W Hudson Fysh and Paul McGinness heard of a  £10,000 ($20,000) prize offered by the Federal Government for the first Australians to fly from England to Australia within 30 days.   McGinness travelled to Yanko in western New South Wales to see Sir Samuel McCaughey to ask if he would fund their entry in the race. In Palestine the two young lieutenants had flown a Bristol fighter presented to No.1 Squadron by the millionaire industrialist. Sir Samuel agreed to finance their venture, but died before a suitable aircraft was found. The Qantas story is inextricably linked with the development of civil aviation in Australia. It begins with fragile biplanes carrying one or two passengers in open cockpits and progresses to the new Airbus A380s flying some 450 people half way around the world in a day. A few determined individuals overcame formidable obstacles to establish the Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services Ltd (QANTAS). Supported by committed staff and loyal customers, the airline persevered through war and peace to serve the nation and build an enterprise. Today, Qantas is widely regarded as the worlds leading long distance airline and one of the strongest brands in Australia. Qantas continues to provide outstanding service to its customers and is at the forefront of the international civil aviation industry. The future holds many challenges for Qantas maintaining safe operations and world class product standards while building a viable and competitive position long term for the airline.As Qantas doesnt have any formal mission statement it pays more importance only on its vision. The Qantas Groups long term vision is to operate the worlds best premium airline, Qantas, and the worlds best low fares carrier, Jetstar. To achieve this vision, the Group is focused on five key elements: Safety is first priority A firm commitment to worlds best safety practices and reporting Right aircraft, right routes Fleet renewal delivering one of the worlds most effective fleets flying on an optimal route network Customer service excellence Consistent customer service excellence as the basis of the business Operational efficiency Achieving simplicity and further productivity across the business Two strong complementary brands Qantas and Jetstar as the best premium and low fares brands respectively The Kangaroo Symbol The original Kangaroo symbol appearing on Qantas aircraft was adapted from the Australian one penny coin. The winged kangaroo symbol was created by Sydney designer Gert Sellheim, and first appeared in January 1947The Flying Kangaroo was later placed in a circle in 1974. In June 1984 Qantas unveiled an updated logo conceived by Tony Lunn of the Lunn Design Group, Sydney. The Flying Kangaroo lost its wings once again and was refined to a more slender, stylised presentation. PEST ANALYSIS The PEST analysis stands for Political, Economic, Social and Technological factors that are needed to be analyzed from the industrys external environment. It is important to cover this to further understand the condition of the airline industry in Australia. Political factors The liberal policy environment has also favoured new entrants. While the domestic airline industry is largely deregulated, Australias airline industry remains quite regulated at the commonwealth level. Australias international aviation policy has been multiple designation The industry deregulation in 1990s has given way to a more restrained form competition between Qantas and Virgin. One of the political issues that concern the airline industry is the effects deregulation. Deregulation was based on the contestable market theory (  1982) which suggested that governments should seek to promote contests for markets, even those where large firm size and limited competitors existed. Regulation was believed to encourage competition based on service quality rather than price, limit operational flexibility, and create no incentives for improving efficiency and productivity. However, it has been argued that deregulation has shifted competition from service to price (1998). On the other hand, among the airline companies around the world, one significant political issue taking place is the emergence of global alliances. Economic factors The past events like volcano eruption and SARS has affected flight security in the eyes of the customer. Every environmental issue including the impact of increase of fuel , which either affects basic costs of flights or affects the likeability of customers to book a flight. Some industry participants have argued that financially distressed carriers have cut prices in an effort to raise short-term cash, depressing market prices below efficient levels and threatening the financial security of healthy carriers. Another economic concern is the fact that the airline economy of the US is in a huge upset after the September 11 attack. Some of the companies declared bankruptcy while others are still struggling to survive (2003). . There is substantial evidence that entry, particularly by low-cost, low-fare airlines, has a substantial effect in constraining fare levels in markets served by the new carriers. Social factors The labour market is tight ,especially in skilled fields requiring more motivation and knowledge The demand for personnel in distant countries will increase the need for foreign-language training. Consumers are more demanding Today, consumers are more demanding especially in terms of service quality. Fortunately, the airline industry can be considered as the pioneer of customer relationship management as they are the first sector to introduce the frequent-flyers program to increase the loyalty of customers (2002). Airline industry also needs very skilled people as their workforce. Technological factors The growth of the information industries is creating a knowledge-dependent global society and information will be the primary commodity of more and more such industries New and larger airplane designs with remote access technology would enable airline companies to achieve better economies of scale. Technological factors include head to head competition in the technological innovations in the industry. Larger planes or aircrafts with remote access technology could provide significant cost savings by allowing the engineers, who were responsible for maintaining the aircraft, to access essential information on the companys systems from wherever they were in the world, using remote web access. INDUSTRY STRUCTURE The Airline is one of the major industries in the world today and is majorly affected by Michael Porters Five Forces model. The following write up conducts an analysis on how the model affects the airline industry today. Threat of New Entrants.   One of the forces that Porter describes is Entry into the industry. In the world today, the airline industry is so saturated that there is hardly space for a newcomer even to squeeze its way in. The biggest for this is the cost of entry. The airline industry is one of the most expensive industries, due to the cost of buying and leasing aircrafts, safety and security measures, customer service and manpower. Another major barrier to entry is the brand name of existing airlines and it is really difficult to lure customers out of their existing brands. On the other hand, a newcomer could enter this saturated market easier with a completely new concept and technology. Bargaining Power of Suppliers.   The airline supply business is mainly dominated by Boeing and Airbus. For this reason, there isnt a lot of cutthroat competition among suppliers. Also, the likelihood of a supplier integrating vertically isnt very likely. In other words, we probably wont see suppliers starting to offer flight service on top of building airlines. 3 Bargaining Power of Buyers.   The bargaining power of buyers in the airline industry is quite low. Obviously, there are high costs involved with switching airplanes, but also take a look at the ability to compete on service.  Is the seat in one airline more comfortable than another? Probably not unless we are analyzing a luxury liner like the Concord Jet.   4 Availability of Substitutes.   What is the likelihood that someone will drive or take a train to  his or her  destination? For regional airlines, the threat might be a little higher than international carriers. When determining this we consider time, money, personal preference and convenience in the air travel industry. Competitive Rivalry.   Highly competitive industries generally earn low returns because the cost of competition is high. This can spell disaster when times get tough in the economy.  In case of the Airline industry, this is the most important force today, especially since the market is completely saturated. There are more service providers than needed in both local as well as international markets. The various airlines are competing for the same customer, which also results in strengthening the buyer power, another of Porters forces. Moreover, a lot of airlines such as Qantas Airways and Emirates have a brand name which they have to defend so they compete in doing so. The airlines are continually competing against each other in terms of prices, technology, in-flight entertainment, customer services and many more areas. SWOT ANALYSIS QANTAS STRENGTH How the Qantas Group responds Improving Margins As economic showing a significant progress, Qantas margins are also improving. Diversified Business Qantas range of subsidiary business operates in different sector but all of them supporting airlines industrys activity, such as catering, baggage handling and engineer. This also helped them to control supplier and aircraft maintenance cost. Oneworld Alliance Oneworld Alliance is a management company founded by Qantas, American Airlines, British Airways, Canadian Airlines and Cathay Pacific. Purpose of this centralized management company is to helping each other with nonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ core business activity such as marketing, engineering/maintenance, and online ticketing to reduce cost thus give the company allowance to cut ticket price. Members of the alliance are also possible to transfer passenger for connecting flight. Efficient Use of Resources Qantas have a home ground advantage as Australia national airlines. Its subsidiary company also provide great resources for Qantas core business. QUANTAS WEAKNESS How the Qantas Group responds Reliability Concerns Qantas has been involved to some incident with some of their aircrafts in 2008/09. Although nothing ended in major accident, its affected companys safety image. Problems with the staff A staff problem action, often referred to as a wildcat strike, is a strike action taken by workers without the authorization of their trade union officials. It has been hit with worst strike in the company history in 2009, caused a major delay that also affected other flights. QANTAS OPPORTUNITY How the Qantas Group responds Maintaining the highest standards of safety Commitment to safety as first priority, underpinned by industry-leading policies, systems and training Adapting business strategy to manage changing economic conditions Two flying brands strategy to adjust capacity, pricing and market segmentation as the market moves up or down Remaining competitive in a challenging and volatile industry context Fleet renewal to reduce longterm costs and grow revenues Strong alliance relationships and strategic investments to spread risk and opportunity across markets and provide network depth Qantas: innovations to drive higher satisfaction and improved customer advocacy; focus on the end-to-end customer experience; improvements in product consistency across the fleet including aircraft reconfiguration; brand renewal; pursuit of efficiencies to lower the cost base; Customer Charter established Jetstar: effective capacity management; strong promotional campaigns; ground-breaking strategic alliance relationships (eg AirAsia); Pursuing growth opportunities in emerging markets Qantas alliance relationships with carriers in emerging markets Jetstar pan-Asian strategy including Jetstar Pacific (Vietnam) and Jetstar Asia(Singapore) New technologies Breakthrough product and service innovations such as Next Generation Check-in Commitment to technologically advanced aircraft (eg Airbus A380, Boeing 787) Operating in an environmentally sustainable manner and managing carbon risk Fuel efficiency program, investment in advanced technologies and fuel efficient aircraft, air traffic management leadership, sustainable aviation fuel development -Carbon offset schemes, partnerships with environmental organisations and engagement with employees QANTAS THREATS How the Qantas Group responds Responding to unexpected shocks and crises Purpose-built Crisis Management Centre with detailed crisis management plans Scenario planning supplemented by simulated crisis training exercises Managing currency and fuel price fluctuations Award-winning Treasury function Hedging, including options, to enable participation when oil prices are low and protection when oil prices are high Shrinking Aviation Industry Aviation industry got hit real hard as a result of global financial crisis. IATA traffic data showed a 4.6% drop in international passenger traffic and 13.5% drop in international cargo and stated that the worldwide aviation industry shrinking by all measures. Intense Competition The competition in this industry is super fierce.. Qantas are currently head to head with every major airlines in the world. CORE COMPETENCIES AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE Strong brand: Qantas is a globally recognized brand that enjoys excellent brand equity and outstanding customer loyalty (with over 4.6 million members of its frequent flyer program); Qantas connects Australia to most major destinations in the world in every continent. Moreover, Qantas has a well regarded management team which has helped the company to gain the brand value. World class in flight entertainment: Qantas is one of the oldest airlines in the world that has an excellent and well updated in flight entertainment system . As a result, Qantas is universally known for its comfort and timeless travelling experience. Qantas Airlines offers a wide range of in flight features and amenities  for each of the different traveling classes. Qantas prides itself on offering each passenger a pleasant and comfortable flight, with top notch costumer service. Comprehensive experience and expertise: Qantas has long experience and abundant expertise in   1) both domestic and international flights; 2) both a full service airline(Qantas) and low cost carrier(Jetstar); 3) all levels of passengers (premium segment, economic segment, and budget segment) Differentiating Factor Jetstars quick rise to be one of the worlds most successful low-cost carriers places the Qantas Group well in terms of product offering and differentiation. Its strong fleet order book of A380s and B787 Dream liners gives it a significant competitive advantage over other airlines. Qantas ability to re deploy Jetstar planes on lower yielding routes will be a good competitive advantage while demand is weak. FINANCIAL RATIOS ANALYSIS Current Ratio The Current Ratio is one of the measures of financial strength.It reflects whether that company has enough assets to pay its liabilities. In 2008 the Current Ratio was 0.73 In 2009 the Current Ratio was 0.88 It shows that Qanats Current Assets has increased, which is a positive result and mark of success. Return on asset ratio The Return on Asset Ratio measures how efficiently profits are being generated from the assets employed in the business when compared with the ratios of firms in a similar business. In 2008 it was 0.071 In 2009 it was 0.009 It shows that return on the assets has decreased by almost 80%. The reason behind this is again recession. Gross margin ratio In 2008 it was 0.3 In 2009 it was 0.2 It shows that Gross profit has decreased a bit in 2009 due to economic downturn, but it is still better as compared to other airlines STRATEGY RECOMMENDATIONS Introduce all business class flights The major source of profit for Qantas is from the business class. Keeping this in mind Qantas should introduce few new aircrafts which includes only business class passengers. Economy class seats shouldnt be there in such flights. This will help the company to generate more revenue and will also give a different and high class experience to business class passengers. Allow to use luxury lounge for economy class Qantas should allow its economy class passengers to use the luxury lounge at the airports on payment basis. Customer should be allowed to use luxury lounge if they are willing to do so, for which they only need to pay little extra. This will help the company to generate money without making any investment. And not only this, it will also benefit the passengers of economy class they comfort is the 1st priority of every human in this modern world. so nobody would mind to pay a little amount for this comfort and relaxing experience. Introduce segways at big airports Qantas can introduce segways at the huge airports like Frankfurt International,   London (Heathrow). This will help the passengers to commute easily at the airport with more comfort and less tiredness. Provide organic food and herbal food Qantas can provide organic and herbal food to its passengers. Everybody is too concerned about their health, keeping this in mind organic food would be a good option for them. POTENTIAL FALLOUTS It is because of the bilateral agreements in the aviation industry, the competition has been reached to its final stage and now it is become very tough for Qantas Airline to maintain high standards and survive in the competition. The airline is facing challenges not only in international, but in the domestic market where it was a market leader earleier. Companies like, Virgin Blue and Tiger Airways are picking up fast and taking the market share of Qantas. REFERENCES Bea, F.X. Haas, J. (2001). Strategisches Management. Tuebingen: Vahlen. Hamel, G. Prahalad, C.K. (1996). Competing for the Future. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. Kotler, P. Keller, K. (2006). Marketing Management. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall. http://www.qantas.com.au/travel/airlines/company/global/en http://www.investopedia.com/features/industryhandbook/airline.asp http://ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/2009/01/qantas-airline-known-and-considered-to-be-the-leading-long-distance-airline-in-the-world.html Competitve Analysis Presentation from lovebaby193

Case Study A Global Investment Marketing Essay

Case Study A Global Investment Marketing Essay A global investment is a difficult mission that requires the assessment of different aspects of potential opportunities in different countries. Moreover, needs serious examination and analysis of success and failure probability. The purpose of this paper is to study the strategy of Etisalat, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) telecommunication company in the Saudi Arabia market as Mobily. Moreover, description, cause and effect of that strategy will be discussed at understand Saudis economy and to identify the total investment in the mobile sector. In addition, an attempt to examine the performance of Mobliy and the obstacles it faced was made. A specially, the difficulty it faced when it started the business in the Saudi market while trying to catch a part of mobile phone market share, managing its business and communicating with its mother company in the UAE. To overcome these obstacles, Mobily created new services for personal and companies to add value for its subscribers to achieve its strategy target. To explain its success in Saudis market, some business information will be discussed evaluating its strategy. Table of Contents: 2- Etisalats globalstrategy 3-SAY GOODBYE TO THE MONOPOLY 4-Mobily Ownership Structure 5-Mobily Objectives 6-STRATEGY 7-HAJJ EFFECT ON PROFITABILITY 8-INFRASTRUCTURE 9-Effect of macro-environmental and micro-environmental on Mobilys marketing mix 2- Etisalats globalstrategy Etisalat is the largest Arab telecommunications firm in the Middle East, with 63 million customers and has launched the most advanced services to the area.( http://www.etisalat.ae) Etisalats strategy is anchored in expanding in international markets and being able to be one of the top-10 telecoms service suppliers in the world. To execute this strategy, Etisalat attempts actually to create the retail of mobile devices around some states in Africa, Asia and the Middle East as Saudi Arabia and Egypt because these countries have shown an increase in GDP, great increase in population and unemployment and Etisalat try to present telecom services and solutions which add value to consumers and facilitates perfect deal with technology. 3-SAY GOODBYE TO THE MONOPOLY In 2004, the only mobile operator was Saudi Telecom Company (STC). At the same time, the mobile penetration rate just was 40%,and there were only 9.2 million customers. When Mobily entered Saudi market in 2005, broke the monopoly. The liberalization of the Saudi Arabian telecommunication sector caused the penetration rate to rise to 109% in 2007, to  assure  of 50% for customers growth. Mobily paid 3.46 billion USD to have the second mobile license in KSA in 2005. Mobily was successful in covering most of Saudi Arabias land with the GSM coverage 97% of populated areas. It was also the first mobile Saudi operator to  initiate  value-added services such as location-based services (LBS) and MMS. 5-Mobily Objectives To be the best work environment in the KSA by caring for their employees. To be Number One at enjoyment their subscribers. To sustain leadership in data applications and services 6-STRATEGY Mobily is successful attainment its long term vision: to change from a pure mobile operator to a multi-functional telecom operator in KSA. Mobily was granted approval by CITC (Communication and Information Technology Commission) to attained 96% of Zajil International Telecom and 99.9% of Bayanat Al Oula which has a WIMAX license, two data service suppliers in KSA in 2008. Mobily is managing the cost of existing operations when its purchase of a 66.6% stake from the Saudi National Fiber Network (SNFN) which substitutes the use of STCs international gateway network. The incomes of the SAR2 billion capital increases are used for funding or upgrading. (http://www.mobily.com.sa) Mobily has built a strong connection with Etisalat of UAE for procurement of resource. This connection might be significant for presenting one of the best plan networks in the world. The revenue of Mobily Company Q2 2010 recorded as 3,972 million showing an increase of 24% over the same quarter last year. Mobilys chairman, ENG. Abdulaziz Alsaghyir mention that the increase of our Q2 revenue is due to the growth in broadband revenues and creating a centre of attention more post-paid consumer, in addition, Mobily has approved its strategy for five year time know as GED planning for expansion, differentiation to supply combined telecom services constructed about fixed and mobile broadband technologies. 7-HAJJ EFFECT ON PROFITABILITY It is expected that around 3 million person visit Saudi Arabia during the Hajj pilgrimage season, which is reflected in Mobilys fourth quarter earnings. Mobily achieved highest quarterly earnings during the fourth quarter. Mobily Quarterly Earnings 8-INFRASTRUCTURE Mobily has finished building its own capacity infrastructure to support itself. On the other hand, when Zain started their business, has rented transmission capacity from both Mobily and STC. This produced an additional flow of income for Mobily and STC depending on Zains usage capacity. (http://www.gulfbase.com) 9-Effect of macro-environmental and micro-environmental on Mobilys marketing mix There are many reasons to the macro-environment that will influence the choices of the managers of any establishment. New laws, tax changes, trade barriers, demographic change and government policy changes are all instances of macro change. To help analyse these reasons or factors managers can categorise them using the PESTEL model. (http://www.oup.com) Kotler (1998) claims that PEST analysis is a helpful strategic tool for distinguishing market growth or reduction, business position, potential and direction for operations. In analyzing the macro-environment, it is essential to understand the factors that might in turn affect a number of critical variables that are likely to affect the companys demand and supply levels (Kotter and Schlesinger, 1991; Johnson and Scholes, 1993). 9.1 Why Saudi Arabia There are few states to be able to propose secure supplies of inexpensive energy, a geographical starting point to a huge market and a customers requirement to achieve a suitable solution for new adventure enterprise or investment. The research has indicated that Saudi Arabia is one of the best 20 destinations for overseas direct investment in the globe. Moreover, Saudi Arabia known as one of the most enterprising nations in the Middle East, Saudis huge natural energy integration with the long-term image and strategic planning to make todays stable, robust economy. Saudi Arabia is hoping and arranging for different areas of future which is more comprehensive, expansive, sustainable and combined on both social and economic sector. All of these examples will be improved via Saudis experience financing, assessing to establish a nation of constant development. A massive amount of money has been spent by kingdom of Saudi Arabia to add value proposition to global business. The government of Saudi has planned goals of varies faceted reform strategy that lead Saudi Arabia to be one of the suitable position in the global to operate business. (http://www.sagia.gov.sa) At  the  same  time, Saudi Arabia is spending tens of billions of dollars to start four economic towns in diverse place of the nation to support economic improvement. 9.3The supplier environment Mobily attempts often to depend on several suppliers. Mobliy and its suppliers, both parties depend on the other for their successful commercial. Even though, both parties are looking for security and stability from their relationship, still they are some reasons to the supplier environment are subject to change, such as some disputes on a sudden raise in material or maintenance agreements prices which controls by suppliers to increase their prices and this will effect seriously on the company commercial operations. 9.4 The distributive environment Mobilys management is placed on marketing intermediaries as agents and distributors to make sure that their products arrive at the final consumer. To Mobilys management, it may seem that the conservative method of distribution in telecommunication is relatively static. For the reason that changes in the distributive environment happen quietly, and there is a risk of marketing companies failing to aware about the commercial change. 9.5 The competitive environment. The company must be aware about the potential risk of other players marketing similar and substitute services whether they are of domestic or foreign origin. . In the telecommunication sector in KSA have just three players a potential competitive threat. Whatever the type, size and composition of the telecommunication sector, Mobilys marketing management has a full understanding of competitive forces. However, Mobily Known with this knowledge, which will have a greater opportunity to compete effectively. http://www.da-group.co.uk/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=31:micro-and-macro-environmentscatid=2:marketing-lecturesItemid=3 The marketing mix Price Mobily used some approaches to price a product as the price charged for products and services is set unnaturally down in consideration of gain market share. Once this is attained, the price is increased. In addition, charge a reasonable price when has a strong competitive advantage. On the same time, Mobily attentive about competitors. However, most of their prices it is fair and satisfied for most of the customers. Place Channel Distribution Mobilys distribution strategy is driven by three main channels which: Direct sales: The direct sale channel includes Mobilys 24 flagship stores and 155 fully branded stores. The flagship stores are completely owned and employed entirely with Mobily personnel, while the fully branded outlets manage as franchises. Indirect sales: The Firm depend deeply on its distribution partners to attain wide range distribution at a rapid pace. Mobily has a sign primary distribution contract with seven major distributors, each of which special effects sales through 149 fully branded, 288 co-branded and 4,000 secondary distributor outlets. Co-branded: The Company has channelled sales through ATM and the Internet for top-up of prepaid cards. So as to focus VIP sector successfully, the Company has begun a separate section of Corporate and VIP Sales. Product Mobily has been achieving the three levels of product which are the Core product, the Actual product, and finally the augmented product. In addition, another marketing tool for evaluating products as The Product Life Cycle (PLC) which based upon the biological life cycle, and The Customer Life Cycle (CLC) which focuses upon the production of and delivery of lifetime value to the consumers.( http://marketingteacher.com) Three Levels of a Product Mobily Connect: Connect Al Zaeem, Connect Turbo Router, Connect Turbo, Connect Mini WIFI, Ferrari Connect, Connect Foot Ball, Connect Long Tail, Mini Wi-Fi. Postpaid : Mobily Minute buntes , Blue Wave Mada, Najma,Deeraty, Raqi, Fallah Mobily Khatty and Khatty Plus. Prepaid: 7ala, Anees, 7ala Plus, Wafeer, Mabuhay Kababayan, Blue Wave, Visitors Line Rihal, fallah, I phone line. Smart phones :I phone 3Gs, Iphone 4 , BlackBerry,Nokia N8,Samaung Galaxy Tab, Liquid E Ferrari . Broadband at home, Mobile internet, Internet Roaming(can only be used outside the kingdom of Saudi Arabia). (http://www.mobily.com.sa) Promotion Mobily is using the promotions mix to deliver a unique campaign as : Personal Selling. (Mobily tend to be well trainee for their sales workers in the approaches and techniques of personal selling to meet high margin in sales). Sales Promotion. Public Relations. Direct Mail. Trade Fairs and Exhibitions. Advertising.( Mobily paid for communication to develop attitudes and create awareness for people. Furthermore, Mobily use the advertising in media such as newspapers (local, free, trade), magazines and journals, television (local, national, satellite), outdoor advertising (such as posters). Sponsorship (Mobily bought for SR 200 million over the five years to associate their brand with Al-Hilal which   is one the leading and well-known football clubs, not only in Saudi Arabia but in the Middle East and Asia).( http://saudijeans.org) SWOT Analysis Strengths The improvement and concentrate on innovative products and value-added services. The experiences shift and indirectly supported from the mother company Etisalat UAE. Mobily have been using an aggressive marketing strategy that enabled it to obtain a 30% market share in less than two years of operation. To decline the cost of operation and improve data revenues flow, Mobily is improving a new Saudi fibre optic network. Mobily has been improving the company brand and reputation, to attract the corporate sector in KSA. Saudi government avoids currency risks. quickly responded to a new competitor Zain by creating roaming agreements with about 100 operators in 56 countries. Well improved mobile network coverage with 3G services. Weaknesses low in the increasing postpaid customers in Mobilys subscribers Continuing need for high spending for improve the network servers. High focus of prepaid subscribers, about 90% of customers signalling lower average revenue for parson. STC is ranked first in broadband overall Opportunities Due to rising oil prices in the world lead to build a strong economy and high GDP per person in a region. A strong population growth, 69% of the population is under the age of 30. Partnership with parent operator for entering new telecom markets. Increase market share in mobile broadband. Saudi government attempts to capture foreign direct investment in the telecommunications business through improvements in information technology sectors. Purchase of companies in the value chain. Threats Intense competition due to the entrance of MTC lately, as the third mobile player, is leading to decreases in average revenue. Due to easier for customers to transfer from one operator to another that lead to increased competition between operators. Low demand response to new services. Decline in margins as a result of price wars. Failure of public to adapt to changing technology.

Sir Thomas More Essay example -- essays research papers fc

Thomas More was born in Milk Street, London on February 7, 1478, son Sir John More, a prominent judge. He was educated at St Anthony's School in London. As a youth he served as a page in the household of Archbishop Morton, who predecited he would be a "marvellous man."1. More went on to study at Oxford under Thomas Linacre and William Grocyn. During this time, he wrote comedies and studied Greek and Latin literature. One of his first works was an English translation of a Latin biography of the Italian humanist Pico della Mirandola. It was printed by Wynkyn de Worde in 1510. Around 1494 More returned to London to study law, was admitted to Lincoln's Inn in 1496, and became a barrister in 1501. Yet More did not automatically follow in his father's footsteps. He was torn between a monastic calling and a life of civil service. While at Lincoln's Inn, he determined to become a monk and subjected himself to the discipline of the Carthusians, living at a nearby monastery and taking part of the monastic life. The prayer, fasting, and penance habits stayed with him for the rest of his life. More's desire for monasticism was finally overcome by his sense of duty to serve his country in the field of politics. He entered Parliament in 1504, and married for the first time in 1504 or 1505. More became a close friend with Desiderius Erasmus (ca. 1466-1536) during the latter's first visit to England in 1499. It was the beginning of a lifelong friendship and correspondence. Th...

Theoretical Issues Related to Human Resources :: Human Resources Essays

This essay will discuss the theoretical issues related to human resource management strategies, human resource planning, employment relations, diversity management and recruitment and selection. The essay will compare the differences in human resource management between two airlines, American Airlines and Southwest Airlines. Finally the essay will put forward recommendations to the two airlines in the human resource area. The human resource needs of today’s organisation need to be continually analysed due to constant changing conditions. This analysing is known as human resource planning (HRP) and it ensures that the right number and type of people are available at the right time for the organisation (Dessler et al 1999). There are many factors that contribute to HRP and trends that influence the organisation’s external environment. These factors are workforce diversity, outsourcing, globalisation, technological development, new organisational structures, casualisation and the shift from manufacturing towards service and knowledge-based work (Dessler et al 1999). Workforce Diversity Workforce diversity is divergence from an assumed norm or set of expectations. The government have created legislations confirming the right of all members of society to experience comparable life and work opportunities, irrespective of difference of sex, age, sexual orientation, religion, physical abilities or whether they belong to the dominant culture or language group (Human Resource Management Study Book). The reasons that these legislations were introduced were due to the changing of the workforce. More women joined the workforce as did people of differing ethnic origins. The workforce has become older because of the legal ruling of voluntary retirement age (Human Resource Management Study Book). Due to these changes and legislations employers have had to re-think their employment policies and procedures in areas such as selection, training and promotion (Human Resource Management Study Book). Some forward thinking organisations have looked beyond the government’s requirements and have used the changes to benefit themselves in the long term. These organisations have taken this opportunity to better understand and serve the wider community, to gain a competitive advantage over more traditional organisations. They have also tried to gain more knowledge of the needs and preferences of specific groups in society and discovered the things that might help to make the workplace more productive and satisfying for all their employees (Human Resource Management Study Book). Outsourcing. Outsourcing is where organisations use external providers for those activities that are either non-essential or demand an injection of management resources and capital. This allows the organisation to focus more on the core of the business operations (Dessler et al 1999). Outsourcing is extremely important where HRP is concerned. It can be used as a strategy when skilling of resources will be expensive and time consuming and it can also make forecasting easier if the

Consolidation in Banking Essay

1.Introduction In our daily life , we can receive banking service from banks and branches whose headquarters may from different city, region or nation . This is because banking consolidation has improved banking expansion in the past decades. It is a fact that many banks regard consolidation as a strategy for their growth and development in new market . Consolidation usually consist of mergers and acquisitions. The former one means two independent companies combine as a new one ,the latter one means a bank has a controlling interest in other firms but they still remain independently. (Heffernan, 2005 ) The following part of the article will be divided in third parts. The first part will focus the reasons , trends and effects of consolidation in banking industry. The second part is mainly about the benefits and disadvantages of consolidations for the industry and society. The last part is evaluation about challenges consolidation bring to the regulators. 2.Consolidation in Banking Sector 2.1. Reasons for Consolidation in the Financial Sector There are lots of issues concerning about banking consolidation. The basic one is the motivation. Why banks want to mergers and acquisitions? DeYoung, Evanoff and Molyneux think the primary reason for banking consolidation is financial and technological innovations in the industry ( DeYoung, Evanoff and Molyneux,2009) . This is concerned to be a significant factor because after a wave of new technology, the structure in the industry will change since all banks make changes to fit to innovations. Thus many small banks struggle to survive or go bankruptcy after innovations, finally they decide to consolidation to get better development. To the larger banks, they are stronger in competition, they are willing to consolidate with those smaller banks to be more competitive in the market . However, Researches show that technologies spread to small banks rapidly because of third-party technology vendors and decreasing costing of technology delivery in recent years. (Frame and White ,2004; cited in DeYoung ,2007 ). Therefore this cannot be regard as an significant reason now. Some researchers argue that the better explanation for banking consolidation is the relationship paradigm between market power and profitability (market-power theory). (Shepherd ,1982 and Berger ,1995. Cited in Santillà ¡n-Salgado ,2005 ). They address that in banking industry, â€Å" firms with large market shares can reach the minimum economic scale of operations to develop a differentiated base of products which can be priced at a premium to obtain extraordinary profits(efficiency-structure hypothesis).† ( Santillà ¡n-Salgado ,2005, p85).Due to this reason, in order to earn more profits , banks want to increase market shares. Mergers and acquisitions are the most important way for corporate restructuring and enlarge corporate scale in new markets.

A Clockwork Orange †Literary Response Essay

Nadine Gordimer, South African writer and Nobel Prize winner, said that penetrating fiction doesn’t give answers, it invites questions. This quote is accurately reflected in Anthony Burgess’ novel, A Clockwork Orange, in which many questions and moral values are explored. Burgess strongly believed that humans’ ability of choice is the only factor distinguishing us between animals or machines. The two most predominant recurring themes of and questions relating to the novel involve ‘good vs evil’, and ‘fate and free will’. The novel begins with the words: â€Å"what’s it going to be then, eh? †, through which Burgess poses a literal question that ultimately leads to choice, and is always asked before determining one’s fate. This question introduces all three parts of the novel, as well as the final chapter. The repetition emphasises the symmetrical and symbolic structure of the book. It also echoes one of the aforementioned explored themes: fate and free will. The novel concludes with Alex finally deciding ‘what it’s going to be’, by him consciously deciding to discard his previous violent and ‘evil’ habits. Society and religion recur frequently in A Clockwork Orange, and each hold similar views and opinions concerning choice and good vs. evil. In Part 1, Chapter 4, Alex wonders why ‘evil’ is analysed and goodness is not only universally strived for, but accepted as the norm: â€Å"They don’t go into the cause of goodness, so why of the other shop? Badness is of the self, the one, the you or me on our oddy knockies and that self is made by old Bog or God and is his great pride and radosty. But the not-self cannot have the bad, meaning they of the government and the judges and the schools cannot allow the bad because they cannot allow the self. † Here, Alex refers to society and authority as the ‘not-self’. He believes that people are born ‘evil’, and suggests that conditioning human-kind to be ‘good’ removes individualism. The passage concludes with Alex saying, â€Å"I do what I do because I like to do†, which is almost animalistic in the sense that his action depends solely on desire, impulse and instinct. In Part 2, Chapter 3, the questioning of fate and free will is asked yet again, from the perspective of Christianity. The chaplain refers to the Reclamation Treatment – a physiologically imposed behavioural modification that would render the incapability of performing ‘evil deeds’ – which Alex is to undergo. He asks Alex if God wants goodness or the choice of goodness. (â€Å"Is a man who chooses the bad perhaps in some way better than a man who has the good imposed upon him? It is interesting that the questioning of free will is articulated by the novel’s religious figure, and that this time, it does not come from Alex himself, but is rather asked of him. The chaplain wonders if good acts are morally valueless if performed without free will, and if forced benevolence is in fact more evil than sin itself. Although he rhetorically directs this to Alex, he is essentially asking the reader’s opinion, because it is indicated in previous chapters that Alex disagrees with the conditioning of ‘goodness’. The question is left open-ended and unresolved for the reader to interpret. Thus, rather than being didactic, ‘penetrating fiction’ does solicit more questions than it answers. It allows the reader to draw his or her own conclusions, rather than enforcing a particular point of view. In A Clockwork Orange, this is true in a number of ways (as demonstrated), but most powerfully in terms of the constantly revisited themes; good vs. evil, and fate and free will.